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Kentucky - Mathematics: 7th Grade
Academic Standards | Adopted: 2019
KY.7.RP: Ratios and Proportional Relationships
1.1: Analyze proportional relationships and use them to solve real-world and mathematical problems.
KY.7.RP.1: Compute unit rates associated with ratios of fractions, including ratios of lengths, areas and other quantities measured in like or different units.
Beam to Moon (Ratios and Proportions)
Apply ratios and proportions to find the weight of a person on the moon (or on another planet). Weigh an object on Earth and on the moon and weigh the person on Earth. Then set up and solve the proportion of the Earth weights to the moon weights. 5 Minute Preview
Road Trip (Problem Solving)
Plan a cross-country road trip through various U.S. state capitals. First choose a vehicle to drive, and then fill up the tank with gas and go! Find the range and gas mileage of each vehicle, and discover the shortest path between two cities. 5 Minute Preview
Unit Conversions
Use unit conversion tiles to convert from one unit to another. Tiles can be flipped to cancel units. Convert between metric units or between metric and U.S. customary units. Solve distance, time, speed, mass, volume, and density problems. 5 Minute Preview
KY.7.RP.2: Recognize and represent proportional relationships between quantities.
KY.7.RP.3: Use percents to solve mathematical and real-world problems.
KY.7.NS: The Number System
2.1: Apply and extend previous understandings of operations with fractions to add, subtract, multiply and divide rational numbers.
KY.7.NS.1: Apply and extend previous understandings of addition and subtraction to add and subtract rational numbers; represent addition and subtraction on a horizontal or vertical number line diagram.
KY.7.NS.2: Apply and extend previous understandings of multiplication and division and of fractions to multiply and divide rational numbers.
KY.7.NS.3: Solve real-world and mathematical problems involving the four operations with rational numbers.
Adding on the Number Line
Add real numbers using dynamic arrows on a number line. Find the sum of the numbers at the end of the final arrow. Compare the numerical calculation. 5 Minute Preview
Dividing Fractions
Divide fractions using area models. Adjust the numerators and denominators of the divisor and dividend and see how the area model and calculation change. 5 Minute Preview
Dividing Mixed Numbers
Choose the correct steps to divide mixed numbers. Use step-by-step feedback to diagnose and correct incorrect steps. 5 Minute Preview
Fractions with Unlike Denominators
Find the sum or difference of two fractions with unlike denominators using graphic models. Find the least common denominator graphically. 5 Minute Preview
Multiplying Mixed Numbers
Choose the correct steps to multiply mixed numbers. Use the step-by-step feedback to diagnose incorrect steps. 5 Minute Preview
Multiplying with Decimals
Multiply two decimals using a dynamic area model. On a grid, shade the region with width equal to one of the decimals and height equal to the other decimal and find the area of the region. 5 Minute Preview
Improper Fractions and Mixed Numbers
Represent a quantity given by a shaded region as an improper fraction and as a mixed number. Experiment with different shaded regions sliced differently. 5 Minute Preview
Adding and Subtracting Integers
Add and subtract integers on a number line using dynamic arrows. 5 Minute Preview
Fractions Greater than One (Fraction Tiles)
Explore fractions greater than one with the Fractionator, a fraction-tile-making machine in the Gizmo. Create sums of fraction tiles on two number lines. Sums greater than one are shown as improper fractions on the top number line, and as mixed numbers on the bottom number line. 5 Minute Preview
KY.7.EE: Expressions and Equations
3.1: Use properties of operations to generate equivalent expressions.
KY.7.EE.1: Apply properties of operations as strategies to add, subtract, factor and expand linear expressions with rational coefficients.
Equivalent Algebraic Expressions I
Grumpy’s Restaurant is now hiring! As a new chef at this underwater bistro, you’ll learn the basics of manipulating algebraic expressions. Learn how to make equivalent expressions using the Commutative and Associative properties, how to handle pesky subtraction and division, and how to identify equivalent and non-equivalent expressions. 5 Minute Preview
Equivalent Algebraic Expressions II
Continue your meteoric rise in the undersea culinary world in this follow-up to Equivalent Algebraic Expressions I. Make equivalent expressions by using the distributive property forwards and backwards, sort expressions by equivalence, and personally assist Chef Grumpy himself with a project that will bring him (and maybe you) fame and fortune. 5 Minute Preview
Simplifying Algebraic Expressions I
Meet Spidro, a quirky critter with an appetite for algebraic expressions! As Spidro's adopted owner, it's your responsibility to feed him so that he grows into… whatever it is that a Spidro grows into. But be careful - Spidro is a picky eater who prefers his food to be as simple as possible. Use the commutative property, distributive property, and the other properties of addition and multiplication to put expressions in simplest (and tastiest) form. 5 Minute Preview
Simplifying Algebraic Expressions II
Will you adopt Spidro, Centeon, or Ping Bee? They're three very different critters with one thing in common: a hunger for simplified algebraic expressions! Learn how the distributive property can be used to combine variable terms, producing expressions that will help your pet grow up healthy and strong. You'll become a pro at identifying terms that can be combined – even terms with exponents and multiple variables. With enough practice, you and your pet will be ready for the competitive expression eating circuit. Good luck! 5 Minute Preview
KY.7.EE.2: Understand that rewriting an expression in different forms in a problem context can clarify the problem and how the quantities in it are related.
Simplifying Algebraic Expressions I
Meet Spidro, a quirky critter with an appetite for algebraic expressions! As Spidro's adopted owner, it's your responsibility to feed him so that he grows into… whatever it is that a Spidro grows into. But be careful - Spidro is a picky eater who prefers his food to be as simple as possible. Use the commutative property, distributive property, and the other properties of addition and multiplication to put expressions in simplest (and tastiest) form. 5 Minute Preview
Simplifying Algebraic Expressions II
Will you adopt Spidro, Centeon, or Ping Bee? They're three very different critters with one thing in common: a hunger for simplified algebraic expressions! Learn how the distributive property can be used to combine variable terms, producing expressions that will help your pet grow up healthy and strong. You'll become a pro at identifying terms that can be combined – even terms with exponents and multiple variables. With enough practice, you and your pet will be ready for the competitive expression eating circuit. Good luck! 5 Minute Preview
3.2: Solve real-life and mathematical problems using numerical and algebraic expressions and equations.
KY.7.EE.3: Solve real-life and mathematical problems posed with positive and negative rational numbers in any form, using tools strategically. Apply properties of operations to calculate with numbers in any form; convert between forms as appropriate; and assess the reasonableness of answers using mental computation and estimation strategies.
Adding on the Number Line
Add real numbers using dynamic arrows on a number line. Find the sum of the numbers at the end of the final arrow. Compare the numerical calculation. 5 Minute Preview
Dividing Fractions
Divide fractions using area models. Adjust the numerators and denominators of the divisor and dividend and see how the area model and calculation change. 5 Minute Preview
Dividing Mixed Numbers
Choose the correct steps to divide mixed numbers. Use step-by-step feedback to diagnose and correct incorrect steps. 5 Minute Preview
Estimating Sums and Differences
Estimate the sum or difference of two fractions using area models. Compare estimates to exact sums and differences. 5 Minute Preview
Fractions with Unlike Denominators
Find the sum or difference of two fractions with unlike denominators using graphic models. Find the least common denominator graphically. 5 Minute Preview
Multiplying Mixed Numbers
Choose the correct steps to multiply mixed numbers. Use the step-by-step feedback to diagnose incorrect steps. 5 Minute Preview
Multiplying with Decimals
Multiply two decimals using a dynamic area model. On a grid, shade the region with width equal to one of the decimals and height equal to the other decimal and find the area of the region. 5 Minute Preview
Percents, Fractions, and Decimals
Compare a quantity represented by an area with its percent, fraction, and decimal forms. 5 Minute Preview
Sums and Differences with Decimals
Find the sum or difference of two decimal numbers using area models. Find the decimals and their sum or difference on a number line. 5 Minute Preview
Improper Fractions and Mixed Numbers
Represent a quantity given by a shaded region as an improper fraction and as a mixed number. Experiment with different shaded regions sliced differently. 5 Minute Preview
Adding and Subtracting Integers
Add and subtract integers on a number line using dynamic arrows. 5 Minute Preview
Multiplying Fractions
Multiply two fractions using an area model. Vary the vertical area to change one fraction and vary the horizontal area to change the other. Then examine the intersection of the areas to find the product. 5 Minute Preview
Adding Fractions (Fraction Tiles)
Add fractions with the help of the Fractionator, a fraction-tile-making machine in the Gizmo. Model sums by placing the tiles on side-by-side number lines. Explore the usefulness of common denominators in adding. Express sums as improper fractions or mixed numbers. 5 Minute Preview
Fractions Greater than One (Fraction Tiles)
Explore fractions greater than one with the Fractionator, a fraction-tile-making machine in the Gizmo. Create sums of fraction tiles on two number lines. Sums greater than one are shown as improper fractions on the top number line, and as mixed numbers on the bottom number line. 5 Minute Preview
KY.7.EE.4: Use variables to represent quantities in a real-world or mathematical problem and construct equations and inequalities to solve problems by reasoning about the quantities.
KY.7.G: Geometry
4.1: Draw, construct and describe geometrical figures and describe the relationships between them.
KY.7.G.1: Solve problems involving scale drawings of geometric figures, including computing actual lengths and areas from a scale drawing and reproducing a scale drawing at a different scale.
Dilations
Dilate a figure and investigate its resized image. See how scaling a figure affects the coordinates of its vertices, both in
Similar Figures
Vary the scale factor and rotation of an image and compare it to the preimage. Determine how the angle measures and side lengths of the two figures are related. 5 Minute Preview
KY.7.G.2: Draw (freehand, with ruler and protractor and with technology) geometric shapes with given conditions. Focus on constructing triangles from three measures of angles or sides, noticing when the conditions determine a unique triangle, more than one triangle, or no triangle.
Classifying Quadrilaterals
Apply constraints to a quadrilateral, and then reshape and resize it. Classify the figure by its constraints. Explore the differences between the different kinds of quadrilaterals. 5 Minute Preview
Parallelogram Conditions
Apply constraints to a dynamic quadrilateral. Then drag its vertices around. Determine which constraints guarantee that the quadrilateral is always a parallelogram. 5 Minute Preview
Special Parallelograms
Apply constraints to a parallelogram and experiment with the resulting figure. What type of shape can you be sure that you have under each condition? 5 Minute Preview
Triangle Inequalities
Discover the inequalities related to the side lengths and angle measures of a triangle. Reshape and resize the triangle to confirm that these properties are true for all triangles. 5 Minute Preview
Classifying Triangles
Place constraints on a triangle and determine what classifications must apply to the triangle. 5 Minute Preview
KY.7.G.3: Describe the two-dimensional figures that result from slicing three-dimensional figures, as in plane sections of right rectangular prisms and right rectangular pyramids.
Pyramids and Cones
Vary the height and base-edge or radius length of a pyramid or cone and examine how its three-dimensional representation changes. Determine the area of the base and the volume of the solid. Compare the volume of a skew pyramid or cone to the volume of a right pyramid or cone. 5 Minute Preview
4.2: Solve real-life and mathematical problems involving angle measure, area, surface area and volume.
KY.7.G.4: Use formulas for area and circumference of circles and their relationships.
KY.7.G.5: Apply properties of supplementary, complementary, vertical and adjacent angles in a multi-step problem to write and solve simple equations for an unknown angle in a figure.
Investigating Angle Theorems
Explore the properties of complementary, supplementary, vertical, and adjacent angles using a dynamic figure. 5 Minute Preview
Triangle Angle Sum
Measure the interior angles of a triangle and find the sum. Examine whether that sum is the same for all triangles. Also, discover how the measure of an exterior angle relates to the interior angle measures. 5 Minute Preview
KY.7.G.6: Solve problems involving area of two-dimensional objects and surface area and volume of three-dimensional objects.
KY.7.SP: Statistics and Probability
5.1: Use random sampling to draw inferences about a population.
KY.7.SP.0: Create displays, including circle graphs (pie charts), scaled pictographs and bar graphs, to compare and analyze distributions of categorical data from both matching and different-sized samples.
Graphing Skills
Create a graph (bar graph, line graph, pie chart, or scatter plot) based on a given data set. Title the graph, label the axes, and choose a scale. Adjust the graph to fit the data, and then check your accuracy. The Gizmo can also be used to create a data table based on a given graph. 5 Minute Preview
Mascot Election (Pictographs and Bar Graphs)
A brand new school is opening and it is time to elect the school mascot! Students can choose the Eagle, Lion, Bear, or Wolf. Voting results can be displayed in a table, tally chart, pictograph, bar graph, circle graph, or dot plot. You can change student votes by selecting a group of students and clicking a mascot. 5 Minute Preview
KY.7.SP.1: Understand that statistics can be used to gain information about a population by examining a sample of the population; generalizations about a population from a sample are valid only if the sample is representative of that population. Understand that random sampling tends to produce representative samples and support valid inferences.
Estimating Population Size
Adjust the number of fish in a lake to be tagged and the number of fish to be recaptured. Use the number of tagged fish in the catch to estimate the number of fish in the lake. 5 Minute Preview
Polling: City
Poll residents in a large city to determine their response to a yes-or-no question. Estimate the actual percentage of yes votes in the whole city. Examine the results of many polls to help assess how reliable the results from a single poll are. See how the normal curve approximates a binomial distribution for large enough polls. 5 Minute Preview
Polling: Neighborhood
Conduct a phone poll of citizens in a small neighborhood to determine their response to a yes-or-no question. Use the results to estimate the sentiment of the entire population. Investigate how the error of this estimate becomes smaller as more people are polled. Compare random versus non-random sampling. 5 Minute Preview
Populations and Samples
Compare sample distributions drawn from population distributions. Predict characteristics of a population distribution based on a sample distribution and examine how well a small sample represents a given population. 5 Minute Preview
KY.7.SP.2: Use data from a random sample to draw inferences about a population with an unknown characteristic of interest.
5.2: Draw informal comparative inferences about two populations.
KY.7.SP.3: Describe the degree of visual overlap (and separation) from the graphical representations of two numerical data distributions (box plots, dot plots) with similar variabilities with similar contexts (same variable), measuring the difference between the centers (medians or means) by expressing this difference as a multiple of a measure of variability (interquartile range when comparing medians or the mean absolute deviation when comparing means).
Box-and-Whisker Plots
Construct a box-and-whisker plot to match a line plots, and construct a line plot to match a box-and-whisker plots. Manipulate the line plot and examine how the box-and-whisker plot changes. Then manipulate the box-and-whisker plot and examine how the line plot changes. 5 Minute Preview
KY.7.SP.4: Calculate and use measures of center (mean and median) and measures of variability (interquartile range when comparing medians and mean absolute deviation when comparing means) for numerical data from random samples to draw informal comparative inferences about two populations.
Box-and-Whisker Plots
Construct a box-and-whisker plot to match a line plots, and construct a line plot to match a box-and-whisker plots. Manipulate the line plot and examine how the box-and-whisker plot changes. Then manipulate the box-and-whisker plot and examine how the line plot changes. 5 Minute Preview
Mean, Median, and Mode
Build a data set and find the mean, median, and mode. Explore the mean, median, and mode illustrated as frogs on a seesaw, frogs on a scale, and as frogs stacked under a bar of variable height. 5 Minute Preview
Reaction Time 2 (Graphs and Statistics)
Test your reaction time by catching a falling ruler or clicking a target. Create a data set of experiment results, and calculate the range, mode, median, and mean of your data. Data can be displayed on a list, table, bar graph or dot plot. The Reaction Time 2 Student Exploration focuses on mean. 5 Minute Preview
Movie Reviewer (Mean and Median)
Movie reviewers rate movies on a scale of 0 to 10. Each movie comes with a set of reviews that can be changed by the user. The mean of a data set can be explored using a see-saw balance model. Students can also find the median, mode, and range of the data set. 5 Minute Preview
Reaction Time 1 (Graphs and Statistics)
Test your reaction time by catching a falling ruler or clicking a target. Create a data set of experiment results, and calculate the range, mode, median, and mean of your data. Data can be displayed on a list, table, bar graph or dot plot. The Reaction Time 1 Student Exploration focuses on range, mode, and median. 5 Minute Preview
5.3: Investigate chance processes and develop, use and evaluate probability models.
KY.7.SP.5: Describe the probability of a chance event is a number between 0 and 1, which tells how likely the event is, from impossible (0) to certain (1). A probability near 0 indicates an unlikely event, a probability around 1/2 indicates an event that is neither unlikely nor likely and a probability near 1 indicates a likely event.
Geometric Probability
Randomly throw darts at a target and see what percent are "hits." Vary the size of the target and repeat the experiment. Study the relationship between the area of the target and the percent of darts that strike it 5 Minute Preview
Probability Simulations
Experiment with spinners and compare the experimental probability of particular outcomes to the theoretical probability. Select the number of spinners, the number of sections on a spinner, and a favorable outcome of a spin. Then tally the number of favorable outcomes. 5 Minute Preview
Theoretical and Experimental Probability
Experiment with spinners and compare the experimental probability of a particular outcome to the theoretical probability. Select the number of spinners, the number of sections on a spinner, and a favorable outcome of a spin. Then tally the number of favorable outcomes. 5 Minute Preview
Spin the Big Wheel! (Probability)
Step right up! Spin the big wheel! Each spin can result in no prize, a small prize, or a big prize. The wheel can be spun by 1, 10, or 100 players. Results are recorded on a frequency table or a circle graph. You can also design your own wheel and a sign that describes the probabilities for your wheel. 5 Minute Preview
Lucky Duck (Expected Value)
Pick a duck, win a prize! Help Arnie the carnie design his game so that he makes money (or at least breaks even). How many ducks of each type should there be? What are the prizes worth? How much should he charge to play? Lucky Duck is a fun way to learn about probabilities and expected value. 5 Minute Preview
KY.7.SP.6: Approximate the probability of a chance event by collecting data on the chance process that produces it and observing its long-run relative frequency and predict the approximate relative frequency given the probability.
Probability Simulations
Experiment with spinners and compare the experimental probability of particular outcomes to the theoretical probability. Select the number of spinners, the number of sections on a spinner, and a favorable outcome of a spin. Then tally the number of favorable outcomes. 5 Minute Preview
Theoretical and Experimental Probability
Experiment with spinners and compare the experimental probability of a particular outcome to the theoretical probability. Select the number of spinners, the number of sections on a spinner, and a favorable outcome of a spin. Then tally the number of favorable outcomes. 5 Minute Preview
Spin the Big Wheel! (Probability)
Step right up! Spin the big wheel! Each spin can result in no prize, a small prize, or a big prize. The wheel can be spun by 1, 10, or 100 players. Results are recorded on a frequency table or a circle graph. You can also design your own wheel and a sign that describes the probabilities for your wheel. 5 Minute Preview
Lucky Duck (Expected Value)
Pick a duck, win a prize! Help Arnie the carnie design his game so that he makes money (or at least breaks even). How many ducks of each type should there be? What are the prizes worth? How much should he charge to play? Lucky Duck is a fun way to learn about probabilities and expected value. 5 Minute Preview
KY.7.SP.7: Develop a probability model and use it to find probabilities of events. Compare probabilities from a model to observed frequencies; if the agreement is not good, explain possible sources of the discrepancy.
KY.7.SP.8: Find probabilities of compound events using organized lists, tables, tree diagrams and simulation.
Correlation last revised: 3/30/2026
About STEM Cases
Students assume the role of a scientist trying to solve a real world problem. They use scientific practices to collect and analyze data, and form and test a hypothesis as they solve the problems.
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STEM Cases take between 30-90 minutes for students to complete, depending on the case.
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Multiple grade-appropriate versions, or levels, exist for each STEM Case.
Each STEM Case level has an associated Handbook. These are interactive guides that focus on the science concepts underlying the case.
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